Report Goldfish Respiration Lab Essay Example

Report: Goldfish Respiration Lab Paper According to The Respiration System of a Goldfish by Sarah Quintal, at lower temperatures the surface area for gas exchange increases, while the breathing rate decreases . Several different variables took part of this experiment; the controlled variable was the goldfish, the independent variable was the temperature of the water, and the dependent variable was the number of breaths the goldfish took. The hypothesis stated before the experiment was that if the temperature of the water decreases then the number of breaths that the goldfish will take will also decrease. Discussion The experiment that was studied showed that my hypothesis was correct; once the temperature began to decrease, so did the number of breaths the goldfish took. The results proved that the lower the water temperature is the lower umber of breaths the goldfish will take. The experiment could have be operated more smoothly if the goldfish wouldnt have moved as much when trying to count the number of breaths. My results are important because it shows that something so little, like the water temperature, can make such a big impact on an animal. Literature Cited Panderers, Crawler. (2011). Experimentation: The Process Skills in Action. In Exploring Biology in the Laboratory (up. 13-16). Quintal, S. (n. D. ). We will write a custom essay sample on Report: Goldfish Respiration Lab specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Report: Goldfish Respiration Lab specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Report: Goldfish Respiration Lab specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

The Meaning of Faith †World Religion Essay

The Meaning of Faith – World Religion Essay Free Online Research Papers The Meaning of Faith World Religion Essay Sharon Salzber is a Buddist teacher who studied in Asia and soon after brought the teachings to the US in the 1970s. In 1976 she founded the Insight Meditation Society in Massachusetts Salzber considers â€Å"Faith† an unusual word as it relates to the teachings of the Buddha. The word is generally thought of as what happens when someone loses self respect however Salzber is attempting to redefine the word by associating it with having the confidence to continue on when you don’t know something. The word faith when translated into â€Å"Poly† it is pronounced â€Å"Sada†, literally meaning to the place the heart upon. More liberal interpretations have suggested confidence, clarity, and or trust. Salzber explains that in buddism there are fazes of faith. First being the Bright Faith faze that is considered to be when a person first realizes the teachings of the Buddha and is released from the confinements of their prior life. A sense of great relief and yet a overwhelming sense of the size of the world both are shared. The second faze is Verified Faith in which the student has moved on to practice a more enlightened truth in which nothing is excepted as truth until it is experienced first hand. The movement from Bright to Verified involves a considerable amount of doubt because without questioning reality how will you ever know what is true or real. Faith in other religions is sometimes associated with death and what will happen to your soul at this point. This is thought in Buddism to be more a result of fear then true faith. â€Å"When beliefs are held to tightly then we use them to block our own growth†. At the same time faith in Buddha as a god figure is not needed because he is not. Rather faith in human being. Faith in the way Buddha described each moments experience and that they are of value. Lastly Faith in the community of people that you have around. Anne Lamott is not a traditional fundamentalist Christian who believes that faith is more a spiritual concept then a religious one. In fact she goes as far as to say â€Å"Fundamentalism is the great evil in this world. It is a conviction of being right and that you have the right to deny other people instead of everyone is a child of God.† Lamott’s appeal is that she is a raw speaker who does not flower her thoughts of the world. She is aware that people are getting their faith off the book shelves and not from real interaction with other people acting out the works of faith that she feels are so important. â€Å"Faith is a verb. What joins all of us in faith is that we believe in a various of the golden rule or karma if you want approcots that you cant grow them from tomatoes.† Lamott’s struggle on the streets lead to her having a child. It so kicked to peices her ideas of having great life and having a lot of success. After having a baby she became desperate and clingy. She excepted that she cant see far and doesn’t know everything but she knows she will make it. â€Å"Like driving a car at night you cant see very far but you can get where your going.† Omid Safi is a Muslim Theologian and a Professor of philosphy and religion at Colgate University. He is also the editor of Progressive Muslims. He begins the conversation with talking about his meaning of faith. †We have submitted is better then saying we have faith. Faith is not yet entered into your hearts. It is possible to be formally Muslim and not have actualized the beauty of faith.† Having faith means that you worship God as though actually see him and at times when you struggle to feel like you can see him realize that he always see’s you. Religion is the lowest common denominator according Safi. Faith is the 2nd. Esson actualizing goodness and realizing beauty, to live life as though you see God is what every person of faith should seek. Rabbi Lawrence Kushner is thought by many as one most creative thinkers of our time. He stated that when he first heard the name of the show that he assumed it was primarly a Christian program because faith is not a word used as much with Judaism. One of the reasons why it is hard to speak of faith is because we are talking about the stuff that we are. Juddaism is more organized around deeds then beliefs. It has given up on trying to figure out the motivation behind a deed. â€Å"Because if you wait until you believe in it hell could freeze over better to just do it because it is the right thing.† Speaking about faith is not comforting or pastoruel conversation as it forces you to open up and truly question what you believe and accept that you may learn something new that will change your previous thoughts all together. Rabbi Kushner emphasizes that faith follows action. Research Papers on The Meaning of Faith - World Religion EssayBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementMind TravelHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionCapital PunishmentHip-Hop is ArtAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Achieved Status Versus Ascribed Status in Sociology

Achieved Status Versus Ascribed Status in Sociology Status is a term that is used often in sociology. Broadly speaking, there are two kinds of status, achieved status and ascribed status. Each can refer to ones position, or role, within a social system- child, parent, pupil, playmate, etc.- or to ones economic or social position within that status.   Individuals usually hold multiple statuses at any given time- lawyers, say, who happen to devote most of their time to pro bono work instead of rising through the ranks at a prestigious law firm. Status is important sociologically because we attach to ones position a certain set of  presumed  rights, as well as presumed obligations and expectations for certain behaviors. Achieved Status An achieved status is one that is acquired on the basis of merit; it is a position that is earned or chosen and reflects a persons skills, abilities, and efforts. Being a professional athlete, for example, is an achieved status, as is being a lawyer, college professor, or even a criminal. Ascribed Status An ascribed status, on the other hand, is beyond an individuals control. It is not earned, but rather is something people are either born with or had no control over. Examples of ascribed status include sex, race, and age. Children usually have more ascribed statuses than adults, since they do not usually have a choice in most matters. A familys social status or socioeconomic status, for instance, would be an achieved status for adults, but an ascribed status for children. Homelessness might also be another example. For adults, homelessness often comes by way of achieving, or rather not achieving, something. For children, however, homelessness is not something they have any control over. Their economic status, or lack thereof, is entirely dependent on their parents actions. Mixed-Status The line between achieved status and ascribed status is not always black and white. There are many statuses that can be considered a mixture of achievement and ascription. Parenthood, for one. According to the latest numbers gathered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), nearly 50 percent of pregnancies in the U.S. are unplanned, which makes parenthood for those people an ascribed status. Then there are people who achieve a certain status because of an ascribed status. Take Kim Kardashian, for example, probably the most famous  reality television celebrity in the world. Many people might argue that she would never have achieved that status if she had not come from a wealthy family, which is her ascribed status.  Ã‚   Status Obligations Probably the greatest set of obligations are conferred upon the status of parenthood.  First, there are biological obligations: Mothers are expected to care for themselves and their unborn child (or children, in the case of twins, etc.) by abstaining for any activity that could cause either of them harm. Once a child is born, a host of legal, social, and economic obligations kick in, all with the purpose of ensuring that parents act in a responsible manner toward their children. Then there are professional status obligations, like doctors and lawyers whose vocations bind them to certain oaths governing their client relationships. And socioeconomic status obligates those who have achieved a certain high level of economic status to contribute portions of their wealth to help the less fortunate in society.

Effects of Estrogen Plus Progestin On Health-Related Quality of Life Research Paper

Effects of Estrogen Plus Progestin On Health-Related Quality of Life - Research Paper Example The researcher presents the article’s background, that entails Women’s health initiative with other clinic trials, which highlight the vital health risks that are associated with the combination of hormone use. The research indicated that, women taking estrogen and progestin were at health risk of getting stroke, Myocardial infarction, breast cancer, and venous thromboembolism as compared to women taking placebo. In this case, the recent findings indicated that, the protection of cardiovascular does not indicate the use of estrogen and progestin amongst the postmenopausal women. Despite the decreased risk of colorectal cancer and osteoporotic; there was a notable global risk of the hormone treatment among women. With this in mind, it was outlined that, there were Effects of Estrogen Plus Progestin On Health-Related Quality of life. At this point, this essay seeks to highlight in brief these effects and this essay also briefly outlines its’ background, statement o f the problem, measurement of variables, research design, and Data collection. In the case study, findings are invariable, depending on the population, test instrument, and design. It borne in mind; small differences can be statistically essential yet clinically insignificant, particularly in large samples. The research relates to modern science whereby it effectively outlines how women’s health is affected from progestin and estrogen. The study is relevant because it creates great insight on the effects of Estrogen Plus Progestin On Health-Related Quality of Life.

Interpersonal communication about When Harry met Sally movie Essay

Interpersonal communication about When Harry met Sally movie - Essay Example One of the producers and writer, Nora Ephron won an Oscar award. The main characters, Harry and Sally whose real names are Billy Crystal and Meg Ryan were also nominated as the best actor and actress. The film received critical reviews, which were positive (Internet Movie Database, 1990). Some of the most credible critics cited that the film had some of the most entertaining scenes and funny. The theory proposes that relational closeness always progresses from a superficial state to one which is intimate (Kanu, 2008). Harry and Sally’s relationship only grew when they were alone after separating from their lovers. For example, Sally had broken up with her fiancà © Joe and had to disclose it to Harry. In another scene, Harry is seen alone (Reiner, 1989). Similar to what the theory proposes, the closeness between two people develops as a result of self-disclosure. The RDT theory posits that relationships between people always reflect the tensions existing when people are communicating which usually arises from conflicts (Kanu, 2008). In addition, the theory proposes that relationships focus on the opposing behavior of people. In the film, it is clear that Harry and Sally began to regret because of spending a night together. The characters depicted a sense of guilt in different scenes (Reiner, 1989). As proposed by the theory, there are opposing tendencies because a relationship cannot exist without parties sacrificing their self-rule. Harry said he felt it was a mistake. While Sally agreed to Harry’s opinions verbally, her non-verbal tone in one of the scenes indicated she did not feel it was a mistake. The film confirms that the concept of just being friends and not lovers is not true. The theory proposes that when there is an interaction between people, the uncertainty between them reduces (Kanu, 2008). The theory presumes that when the relationship is beginning to grow, there are many doubts. Harry and

Kant Deontological Theory Essay Example for Free

Kant Deontological Theory Essay The Formula of Humanity- Act so that you use humanity, whether in your own person or that of another, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means. The Formula of the Kingdom of Ends- Act in accordance with the maxims of a member giving universal laws for a merely possible kingdom of ends. The moral duty is what we should be doing. Good is defined as doing what is right and avoiding doing wrong. We have a duty to act in such a way that our actions are moral even if it produces unfavourable results. What is good, according to Kant â€Å"Nothing is good but a good will†. (Good intentions). It is good to be creative or to have good fortune with good outcomes the world becomes a better place. Goodwill is having the good intention to perform one’s duty. The consequences of our actions do not make an action good but rather the goodwill. What is having a good will? Kant proposes that when someone acts out of goodwill that is when someone is acting out of duty. According to Kant â€Å"Duty should be done for the sake and duty alone†. How do we know our duty in a certain situation? Duty has nothing to do with a certain situation or what happens all that matters is the decision is good and the outcome is good. Kant suggests act as if our decision applies to all people at all times. It is always in order to tell lies if the outcome is favourable? Kant would disagree with this. When we act purely out of duty we act reasonably in a manner that we fulfil our duties. Having goodwill is to perform one’s duty It is our duty to do our duty even though we might not be rewarded in this life but we will be rewarded in the next life. Deontological Ethics. Kant Deontological theory of ethics it is linked to moral law of ethics, especially that branch dealing with duty, moral obligation, and right action. Origin: 1820–30; Greek deont- that which is binding (stem of deo) (Websters Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), edited by Noah Porter. ) The word deontology comes from the Greek word meaning duty (deon) and science (or study) of (logos). In moral philosophy, deontological ethics Ethical are theories that maintain that the moral rightness or wrongness of an action depends on its intrinsic qualities. (Websters Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913), edited by Noah Porter). A Quote from Kant â€Å"Awe and wonder fills the mind†. â€Å"Starry heavens a metaphor (scientific absolutism) above and the moral law within†. Like gravity and science these are laws which are absolute as well as moral laws. We have a choice we can all still identify the moral law: e. g. do not steal. Kantian deontological theory of ethics is an absolutes theory something which is considered wrong i. e. suicide will always be wrong. Kant argues that morality is rooted in reason; he states that the demands of morality are unconditional or categorical and it presupposes freedom, we have a choice and can identify and rationally identify morality. Kant states that morality must be unconditional it has to be categorical. Kant distinguishes between categorical imperatives from hypothetical ones. The categorical imperative is not about desires or goals but rather about personal well-being. Categorical imperatives are absolute and universal. Categorical imperative is necessary truth and cannot be without self-contradiction or irrationality. The Universal Law Act only in accordance with that maxim through that at the same time, will that it become a universal law. One’s actions must be universal. The Universal law is that one should act on the maxim a law which can become a universal law in nature when acceptable and sustainable. We know that lying and stealing is wrong. If everyone did this society would fail. Perfect duties are without exceptions, but we understand that torture and suicide is always wrong. Suicide is always wrong if this was universalized society would fail. We know that making False Promises that cannot be fulfilled, is always wrong if we cannot regard this as a universal law society would fail. Breaking promises when it in my interest he states that this inconsistent and therefore cannot be a moral imperative. Imperfect duties is seeking the perfection of our duties are contradictions to our will. We ought to be seeking to promote the happiness of others. We understand that this is not always possible. He does not exclude pleasure in doing duty, but that pleasure should not be the guide to what one’s duty is. What is duty? Kant says â€Å"Duty is the necessity of acting from respect for the Law†: Kant believes that duty should be crowned in the end with happiness. Obedience he says is a maxim that is universally binding as a law to all rational beings. Treat humans as ends to themselves and should respect and never to treat others as a means to an end but only as an end. This means that we should respect others, because every human possesses an intrinsic value. We are to consider whether our actions are moral and acceptable. Kant argues that morals are about following the rules. Kant moral theory can be summarised in two ways Kant argues that we all have a choice that we can all identify the moral law. The Categorical Imperative Kant designed the Categorical imperative as a framework used to make moral law, which states that one must do what one expects other to do in a similar situation. The Categorical Imperative is the central concept in Kant’s ethics and the groundwork to Metaphysics of Morals. It is based to the â€Å"supreme principle of morality† (4:392), from which all our moral duties come from. He believed that moral requirements were based on a standard of rationality and he named this the Categorical Imperative. By using the Universal Imperatives we use our reason (as long as it is not corrupted) to guide us in a path which is morally virtuous. He states that we should act according to the maxim by which you can at the same time will that it becomes a universal law. Kant uses the example of a person who lends money and is unable to repay the loan. He states that this cannot be a universal law people will no longer believe each other and no person will lend money to another. This can be explained in three ways The Universal Law means that one should act on an action which can be sustained. It is important that we should consider if an action is right or wrong. This action will eliminate selfish action towards other human beings. Imperfect Duties Imperfect duties to seek the happiness of other people this cannot completed always. The moral law will most certainly collapse if everyone told lies and were to steal. It is expected of one to perform ones duty in every way. The Kingdom of Ends is in accordance with the maxims of a member giving universal laws for a merely possible kingdom of ends is an ideal society every person must act in such a way that it benefits the greater number of people for the greater good. Every person should act in such a way as if the person through their maxim were universal lawmakers as members in the universal kingdom of ends. One cannot say I will kill myself out of love; this is acceptable and cannot be regarded as a universal law. He argues that humans have an intrinsic worth, and occupy a special place in creation, therefore people are to be treated with respect and dignity because we should understand that we are all rational agents. We possess the freedom to make our own decisions set targets and guide our conduct by reason. He believes that God is the Supreme Being speaking through our conscious. Therefore Gods existence although it remains unproven it is necessary in order for Kant’s ethical theory to be sound. He states that is freedom and immortality. â€Å"God is the law giver to be obeyed† Kant argues that there must be a God and an after-life since it would be intolerable if there were no reward. Kant states that if humans were to disappear from the planet the moral dimension would disappear too. Critique on Kant’s theories: Humans are motivated by pleasure and not only by reason. The question is it possible to act unselfishly, it is necessary to take consequences into consideration. Kant ethics places great emphasises on lying as a form of wrong. He fails to offer an understanding of conflict between different duties, Kant theories does not take into consideration social conditioning and free will. I disagree with Kant that feelings are subjective and selfish and find that he focuses too much on pure practical moral reason he excludes feeling and desires. Kant tries to combine ethics with reason but this seems unrealistic as the concept of reason does not exist in isolation from human beings and their feelings and actions. Ref: Jorge J. Gracia E, Gregory M, Reichberg and Bernard, Schumacher N. The Classics of Western Philosophy, (Blackwell Publishing Ltd). 2004. Ref: Mc Coy A. An Intelligent Person’s Guide to Christian Ethics, Continuum. London , New York Ref: http://www. slideshare. net/t0nywilliams/kant-9170093.

Discovery of the Dinosaur with the Fossilized Heart :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Discovery of the Dinosaur with the Fossilized Heart Dinosaur fossils are one of the few ways in which scientists can study the history of life on earth millions of years ago. Each new discovery is unique in its own way and provides valuable information about the past. No two finds are exactly identical; therefore, when dinosaur remains are uncovered, the possibility and excitement of new information or even a new species exists. Until the year 2000, no dinosaur has ever been found with a fossilized heart. Scientists at North Carolina State University and the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences discovered a sixty-six million year old Thescelosaurus with a heart. The Thescelosaurus was a â€Å"bird-hipped† dinosaur or an ornithischian ( Russell 2). This herbivore lived near the end of the Cretaceous period, about one million years before the conclusion of the dinosaur era. Thescelosaurus was about the size of a short-legged pony, according to paleontologist Dr. Dale Russell and was native to North America from Wyoming up to Alberta, Canada. This particular Thescelosaurus was discovered in Harding County, northwestern South Dakota in 1993. It has been estimated to weigh nearly 663 pounds and thirteen feet long. The remains were located in a poorly consolidated channel of sandstone, exposed in the upper half of the Hell Creek Formation (Fisher 2). Scientists have named this discovery Willo, after the wife of the rancher on whose property it was found. The discovery of Willo is unique because it is the first dinosaur with a fossilized heart. However, this was just the beginning of an extraordinary find. â€Å"Not only does this specimen have a heart, but computer enhanced images of its chest strongly suggest it is a four-chambered, double-pump heart with a single systemic aorta, more like the heart of a mammal or bird than a reptile,† according to Dr. Dale Russell. Russell is a paleontologist at North Carolina State University and a senior research curator at the N.C. Museum of Natural Sciences. This discovery is unusual because all modern reptiles, except the crocodile, contain a single ventricle that pumps blood to the lungs and the rest of the body. All modern reptiles have paired systemic aortas developing from the ventricle, which distributes the blood to the body. â€Å"In contrast, the four chambered heart of modern birds and mammals has two completely separated ventricles and a single systemic aorta, ensuring that only completely oxygenated blood is distributed to the body† (Fisher 2).